［Objective］ The comprehensive benefits of desertification prevention and control in Shaanxi Province over the years were monitored and evaluated， in order to provide a scientific reference for the formulation of relevant policies and development plans in Shaanxi Province， as well as the protection， improvement， and rational utilization of resources to achieve sustainable development. ［Methods］ Based on monitored data related to artificial afforestation and grass planting in desertification control in Shaanxi Province from 2011 to 2022， and in accordance with relevant standards and previous research experience， corresponding indicators and methods for calculating ecological， economic， and social benefits were selected for comprehensive evaluation. ［Results］ The cumulative area of artificial afforestation promoted in desertification land management in Shaanxi Province reached 8.36×105 hm2 hectares. During the period from 2011 to 2022， the comprehensive prevention and control of desertification played an important role in blocking dust， windbreak and sand fixation， improving soil nitrogen and phosphorus retention， increasing soil organic matter retention， conserving water sources， fixing carbon and releasing oxygen. At the same time， outstanding economic benefits were achieved in eight aspects： carbon sequestration forests， forage grass， cost saving from afforestation and grass planting， seeds， fruits， agroforestry， complementary “forest （grass）-solar” systems， ecotourism and forest-based wellness programs. The cumulative employment reached 15 000 people， and the cumulative income of farmers reached 800 million yuan. ［Conclusion］ The comprehensive prevention and control of desertification in Shaanxi Province has significant benefits in improving the natural environment， increasing employment opportunities， absorbing surplus labor， alleviating employment pressure， and promoting harmonious coexistence and development between humans and nature.