［Objective］ The effects of land-use change on aquatic ecosystem services in the Yangtze River economic belt （YREB） from 2012 to 2022 were analyzed to provide scientific reference for exploring the improvement of aquatic ecosystem services in the YREB. ［Methods］ The InVEST model was used to calculate water yield， water purification， and carbon sequestration. The value of aquatic ecosystem services was evaluated using the ESV value equivalent table. The Dagum method was applied to analyze differences in ecosystem services among different regions of the YREB， and the reliability of the results was verified using the ecological sensitivity index. ［Results］ ①The main land-use types in the YREB were forest land and cultivated land. From 2012 to 2022， significant changes in land-use types were observed， with construction land showing the highest degree of land-use change， but only at 2.99%， indicating a moderate growth rate. ② Aquatic ecosystem services in the YREB exhibited significant spatial and temporal differences， with higher values in the west and lower values in the east. Over time， the overall trend was for a weakening of aquatic ecosystem services. ③ The comprehensive value of aquatic ecosystem services in the YREB exhibited an overall expansion of differences， with significant regional disparities. The differences between upstream and downstream regions were the main reasons for regional variations. ④ The ecological sensitivity index of all land-use types was less than 1， indicating the reliability of these results. ［Conclusion］ From 2012 to 2022， the aquatic ecosystem service capacity of the YREB improved. However， in some areas， such as grasslands and water bodies， a weakening trend was observed. Based on these research findings， it is recommended that urban clusters in the YREB respond to the concept of green development， rationally optimize land-use patterns， and strengthen measures to protect and promote ecological security and sustainable development.