［Objective］ An optimal evaluation model and indicators for the erosion resistance of purple soil in the middle reaches of the Jialing River were explored. Additionally， differences in soil erosion resistance under different land-use types were analyzed to provide a reference for ecological environmental protection in Yangtze River Basin. ［Methods］ The characteristics of the soil aggregates， particle size composition， soil structure， and organic matter were analyzed. Four models， principal component analysis （PCA）， entropy method， PCA-entropy method， and PCA-entropy-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS）， were used to evaluate soil erosion resistance. ［Results］ ① Five principal components were extracted： aggregate structure， soil particles， soil structure， cementation， and dispersion. ② The optimal evaluation indicators for purple soil erosion resistance were silt-clay content， fine clay content， structural particle index， mean weight diameter of air-dried aggregates， destruction rates of aggregates > 0.5 and > 0.25 mm， water-stable aggregate content of aggregates > 0.5 and > 0.25 mm， aggregate stability， and dispersion rate.③ The PCA-entropy-TOPSIS model avoids subjective weighting of PCA， poor adaptability of the entropy method to high-dimensional data， and simple weighting of the PCA entropy model. The results indicated significant differences and best-fitting effects. ［Conclusion］ ① The PCA-entropy-TOPSIS model provided the best evaluation results and is suitable for assessing soil erosion resistance in purple soil regions. ② The erosion resistance of soil under different land use types in the study area was ranked as follows： abandoned land > grassland > forest land > orchard > dryland.