［Objective］ The amount of soil erosion at the spoil ground of the Pinglu Canal linear project at different periods was evaluated， and the erosion tendency was simulated. The relationship between the slope and erosion intensity was explored to provide a scientific reference for soil erosion control in spoil grounds for canal project. ［Methods］ Four spoil grounds in the Pinglu Canal of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as examples. High-resolution photographic and topographic data of the spoil grounds during different periods were obtained using UAV low-altitude photography technology. The soil erosion tendency of the spoil grounds was analyzed using GIS technology. Erosion factors were quantified and estimated by combining with the revised universal soil loss equation （RUSLE）. ［Results］ ① The soil erosion modulus of the four spoil grounds across different period points ranged from 1 977.55 to 5 748.96 t/（km² · a）， with erosion intensity ranging from gentle to severe erosion. ② The soil erosion modulus increased with slope， especially in areas with slopes of 8° to 25°， where soil erosion accounted for 76.8% to 86.4% of the total erosion. ③ In the intermound valley spoil grounds， the trickle flow was mainly along the higher land areas at the edges of the lowland areas. In the sloped spoil grounds， trickle flows were concentrated in the upslope portions of the stockpile areas toward the bottom of the slopes. ［Conclusion］ This study shows that the slope was significant for soil erosion in spoil grounds， and a slope area of 8°—25° was the key area for soil erosion control. Cutting the slope and arranging external drainage facilities are effective control measures for intermound valley spoil grounds. For sloped spoil grounds， the construction of slope-bottom drainage and sand sedimentation ponds should be strengthened. In addition， vegetation cover is a key factor in the prevention soil erosion， especially in areas with favorable hydrothermal conditions where it was more effective in reducing the risk of soil erosion.