【Background】Paddy soil is one of the main soil types in Jianghan Plain, and the phosphorus supply capacity of paddy field is directly affected by soil parent material. In order to clarify the phosphorus content ( P ) and its spatial distribution characteristics of paddy soil developed from different parent materials in Jianghan Plain, Jingzhou District in the hinterland of Jianghan Plain was taken as an example to determine the phosphorus content of paddy soil developed from different parent materials and evaluate its grade, so as to provide reference for the rational application of phosphorus fertilizer in rice planting area.【Method】The basic farmland in the distribution area of three kinds of soil parent materials ( alluvial parent material, secondary loess parent material and lacustrine parent material ) of paddy soil in Jingzhou District was investigated. A total of 600 soil samples were selected for sampling, and the contents of total phosphorus, organic phosphorus, available phosphorus and water-soluble phosphorus in soil samples were determined.【Result】The average total phosphorus content of paddy soil in alluvial parent material area, secondary loess parent material area and lacustrine parent material area in Jingzhou District was 0.881, 0.427 and 0.579 g / kg, respectively. The contents of organic phosphorus were 0.104 g / kg, 0.058 g / kg and 0.066 g / kg respectively. The available phosphorus contents were 24.418,11.339 and 17.043 mg / kg, respectively. The contents of water-soluble phosphorus were 21.157,13.421 and 22.600 mg / kg, respectively. According to the phosphorus classification standard of the second soil survey, the overall content of total phosphorus, available phosphorus and water-soluble phosphorus in paddy soil in Jingzhou District is at a medium-low level, but the phosphorus content of paddy soil developed by alluvial and lacustrine deposits is higher than that of secondary loess parent material. The distribution of paddy soils with different parent materials in Jingzhou District is closely related to the location of the Yangtze River, lakes and hills, and significantly affects the spatial heterogeneity of soil phosphorus. The total phosphorus content of paddy soil was higher in the alluvial parent material development area in the south of Jingzhou District ( along the Yangtze River ), while lower in the secondary loess parent material development area ( hilly land ) in the north. The content of organic phosphorus in paddy soil is higher in alluvial parent material development area, followed by lacustrine parent material development area ( lake zone ), while the content of secondary loess parent material development area is the lowest.【Conclusion】In Jingzhou District, the amount of phosphorus fertilizer can be appropriately controlled in the parent material distribution area of alluvial and lacustrine deposits on both sides of the Yangtze River and around the lake, and the amount of phosphorus fertilizer can be appropriately increased in the secondary loess parent material distribution area in the hilly area to improve soil fertility and maintain crop productivity.