[Objective]This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the changes in cultivated land use patterns in Yunnan Province from multiple perspectives, classifies the risk levels of cultivated land use, and provides a basis for cultivated land protection policies and management strategies in the study area, while also offering references for cultivated land protection in other regions. [Methods] Utilizing land use survey data from 2011 and ?2021, and adopting a "quantity-quality-ecology" tripartite perspective, we comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of changes in cultivated land use patterns by employing landscape indices and the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model. Based on the state space model, we categorized the risk levels of cultivated land use. [Results] (1)Regional variations were observed in the changes of cultivated land quantity in Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2021, with districts and counties exhibiting significant changes displaying a distribution pattern characterized by "overall scattered and local aggregation"; (2)The degree of cultivated land fragmentation intensified, agglomeration weakened, and patch shapes became more regular; The average soil layer thickness of cultivated land decreased, the content of soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity increased, and the PD of cultivated land increased by 1.251, AI and MSI decreased by 5.672% and 0.055, indicating that the degree of farmland fragmentation increased, the agglomeration weakened, and the patch shape tended to be regular; (3)The overall level of ecological security of cultivated land declined, revealing a spatial pattern of "high in the south, low in the north, and polarized in the middle"; (4)Based on the dynamic changes in cultivated land, we conducted risk zoning for cultivated land use in Yunnan Province and proposed regulatory suggestions. [Conclusion]The research results clarified the change characteristics of the quantity, quality and ecological security pattern of cultivated land in Yunnan Province, measured the risk of cultivated land use and provided control measures, which provided a certain scientific basis for the sustainable development of cultivated land and food security in Yunnan Province.