[Objective] This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tillable earth bund (TEB) technology on soil structure, crop yield, and soil and water conservation in sloping cultivated land within the black soil region of Northeast China. [Methods] The experimental field (EF) was located on sloping cultivated land with an average gradient of 5°. The study area included a region constructed with tillable earth bunds (TEB), and a nearby field with conventional tillage practices, similar in slope and area but without constructed bunds, was selected as the control experimental field of conventional tillage (CTF). Within the EF, soil samples were collected from the TEB-constructed area and the traditional tillage area without bunds (CTF-E). Changes in soil bulk density, aggregate characteristics, and soil moisture were compared before and after the rainy season. Additionally, runoff depth, soil erosion, and crop yield were monitored. [Results] After the rainy season, soil bulk density increased across all regions, while the proportion of >0.25 mm water-stable aggregates (WSA>0.25) and mean weight diameter (MWD) decreased. Soil bulk density in the EF was significantly lower than in the CTF (p<0.05), with the lowest value observed in the TEB area (1.18 g·cm?3). The content of >2 mm aggregates in the EF was significantly higher than in the CTF (p<0.05), with the smallest reduction occurring in the TEB area. The WSA>0.25 and MWD in the TEB area were 10.58% and 0.36 mm higher than those in the CTF, respectively (p<0.05). Throughout the growing season, soil moisture in the EF was significantly higher than in the CTF, while runoff depth and soil erosion decreased by 35.10% and 51.60%, respectively. The TEB area achieved the highest seedling emergence rate and maize yield. [Conclusion] Tillable earth bund technology effectively enhances soil structure, water retention, and water-soil conservation while boosting crop yield. This technology is well-suited for large-scale implementation in sloping cultivated land across the black soil region of Northeast China.