[Objective] The Kubuqi Desert area is located in the core area of "Guinea Bay" of the Yellow River, and is the key area of the ecological civilization construction strategy of "Guinea Bay" of the Yellow River in China.[Method] this paper based on Landsat remote sensing image features, using EVI remote sensing index gray segmentation method, and the ground field research, the desert desertification, the classification of land desertification index extraction, space and time change analysis method, system analyzes the desert and surrounding areas in 2000-2023 years desertification space-time distribution and change characteristics and trend.[Results] The total area of desertification in the Kubuqi Desert decreased from 10 694.6 km2 in 2000 to 8 837.56 km 2 in 2023. The extremely severe desertification area has been reduced from 6 272.11 km2 to 1 461.15 km2, the severe desertification area has increased from 1 773.97 km2 in 2000 to 2 874.48 km 2, the moderate desertification area has increased from 1 372.16 km2 in 2000 to 1 965.84 km 2, and the land area with mild desertification has increased from 1 276.35 km2 to 2 535.58 km2. From the perspective of time series, the rate of extremely severe desert from 2000 to 2023 was 3.33%, the rate of severe desertification was 2.70%, the rate of moderate desertification was 1.88%, and the rate of mild desertification was 4.29%. The area of extremely severe desert land types decreased from 1,322.39 km 2 in 2000 to 1,461.65 km 2 in 2023, with a total loss area of 4,949.72 km 2. From the spatial perspective, the change of extremely severe desert types changed from distributed over time to concentrated, occupying a dominant position in desert from 2000 to 2010; the multiple degree index of severe and moderate desertification types is between 7.69% and 16.15%, indicating that the long-term distribution of heavy and moderate desertification types is concentrated; mild desertification types are scattered and extensive over time.[Conclusion] From 2000 to 2020, the area of Kubuqi Desert shows a decreasing trend, and the ecological environment has been improved. In the future, the ecological restoration of this region will focus on the extremely severe desert area.