黄河干流沿线陕西段土地生态安全时空分布特征
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X826

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自然资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室开放基金项目"中国北方农牧交错带土地利用景观格局与土地生态安全状态耦合机理研究"


Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics on Land Ecological Security Along Main Stream of Yellow River in Shaanxi Province
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    摘要:

    [目的] 对黄河干流沿线陕西段土地生态安全时空分布特征进行研究,为维护区域土地生态环境提供科学依据和技术支持,为其他类似型区域提供参考。 [方法] 利用DPSIR构建土地生态安全评价体系,运用熵值法、自然断点法和改进后的TOPSIS法对2000-2020年黄河干流沿线陕西段土地生态安全时空特征进行分析。引入障碍度模型,进行障碍因子诊断。 [结果] ①土地生态安全综合值从2000年的0.448 7上升到2020年的0.535 3,综合安全水平由中级升至良好; ②2000-2020年中北部区域由中级上升为良好水平,南部保持中级水平,总体呈现向好发展趋势; ③土地生态安全评价单项结果各不相同,趋势呈现不同变化; ④2000-2020年准则层指标障碍度年变化率,驱动力、状态和压力以年均5.81%,6.81%和5.51%速度增加;影响和响应以年均26.74%和33.43%的速度下降; ⑤主要因子障碍度从2000年的农民人均纯收入和森林覆盖率变成了2020年的粮食总产量、人均建设用地面积和人均生态用地面积。 [结论] 黄河干流沿线陕西段土地生态安全时空分布达到良好水平,距离优质仍有差距。因此,在未来需要找准黄河干流沿线区域定位,坚持分类指导、因地制宜,绿色发展,赏罚同行,推进土地生态安全再上一个台阶。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of land ecological security along the main stream of the Yellow River were determined in Shaanxi Province in order to provide a scientific basis and technical support for maintaining the local land ecological environment, and to provide suggestions and a significant reference for other regions of the similar type. [Methods] A land ecological security evaluation system was constructed by DPSIR, and the time and space characteristics of land ecological security in the Shaanxi section along the main stream of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed using the entropy method, the natural breakpoint method, and the improved TOPSIS method. An obstacle degree model was introduced to diagnose obstacle factors. [Results] ① The comprehensive value of land ecological security increased from 0.448 7 in 2000 to 0.535 3 in 2020, and the comprehensive security level increased from intermediate to good; ② From 2000 to 2020, the central and northern regions increased from intermediate to good comprehensive security, and the south region remained intermediate; ③ The individual results of the evaluation of land ecological security were different, and the trends showed different changes; ④ The driving force, state, and pressure relative to the obstacle index changed at average annual rates of 5.81%, 6.81%, and 5.51%, respectively, from 2000 to 2020; the impact and response decreased at average annual rates of 26.74% and 33.43%, respectively; ⑤ The main factor obstacles changed from the per capita net income of farmers and forest coverage in 2000 to total grain output, per capita construction land area, and per capita ecological land area in 2020. [Conclusion] Land ecological security in the Shaanxi section along the main stream of the Yellow River has reached a good level in time and space, but there is still a gap in order to achieve the high quality level. Therefore, in the future, it will be necessary to identify the pertinent area along the main stream of the Yellow River, adhere to classified guidance, adapt measures to local conditions, promote green development, reward and punish peers, and promote land ecological security to a higher level.

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张艳,胡征南,周浩浩,崔国屹,李骏南.黄河干流沿线陕西段土地生态安全时空分布特征[J].水土保持通报,2022,42(6):258-267,350

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-29
  • 最后修改日期:2022-05-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-02-13
  • 出版日期: 2022-12-20