[Objective] The impacts of soil erosion on the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in the sloping farmland of the Southeast Tibet Plateau were determined in order to provide a scientific basis for land resource utilization and soil resource conservation. [Methods] Spatial patterns of soil erosion were investigated using the ¹³⁷Cs tracer method combined with field investigation. Correlations between ¹³⁷Cs inventories and inventories of SOC and TN were determined using correlation analysis. [Results] For the terraced toposequence, discrete patterns of ¹³⁷Cs inventories were found, and an abrupt increase in ¹³⁷Cs inventories was observed between lower slope positions of the upper terrace and the upper slope position of an adjacent lower terrace. A fluctuating increasing trend in ¹³⁷Cs inventories was observed from the upper terrace to the lower terrace. A gradual increasing trend in ¹³⁷Cs inventories appeared within a terrace, indicating that soil loss occurred at the upper slope positions and soil deposition appeared at the lower slope positions. For sloping farmland, increasing and decreasing trends in ¹³⁷Cs inventories appeared along the slope transects, accompanied by decreasing and increasing trends in the soil erosion rate. Low ¹³⁷Cs inventories were observed at the summit and toe slope positions of sloping farmland, and the highest ¹³⁷Cs inventories were found at the middle slope positions. ③ Inventories of SOC and TN showed similar spatial patterns to those observed for ¹³⁷Cs inventories, and a linear relationship was found between¹³⁷Cs inventories and SOC and TN inventories (p＜0.05). [Conclusion] Soil erosion was one of the most important driving forces affecting SOC and TN transport along a slope transect. Overall, the spatial patterns of ¹³⁷Cs can be used to trace spatial patterns of SOC and TN in the sloping farmland of the Southeast Tibet Plateau. The ¹³⁷Cs tracing method was a useful tool to elucidate the redistribution and migration of soil and nutrients on a slope. Furthermore, tillage erosion should be given the same attention as water erosion in order to prevent and control soil erosion in this area.