[Objective] The distribution characteristics of non-point source pollution in the Zhaohe small watershed in different periods were studied in order to identify the key source areas in order to provide a reference for pollution control and clean small watershed construction.[Methods] The distribution characteristics of non-point source pollution of the basin in the current year and planning year were simulated by establishing a watershed non-point source pollution control model. At the same time, the load per unit area index method (LPUAI) was used to identify the key pollution sources in the basin, and the reduction effects of different non-point source pollution control measures on main pollutants were predicted.[Results] In the absence of non-point source pollution control measures, the nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollutants in the planning year of the basin increased by 45.3% and 8.0%, respectively, compared with the current year. Xianhe River, Shicao River, Peihe River, Shengqiao River, and Huanwei River sub-basins were the key areas of non-point source pollution in the basin. Non-point source pollution can be effectively controlled by setting reasonable engineering measures and farming management measures.[Conclusion] Appropriate non-point source control measures can help to reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution load in the watershed. Cultivation management measures plus engineering measures are the best management measures, which can effectively control the non-point source pollution of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the watershed.