[Objective] The risk and loss of landslides in Hunan Province was evaluated to enrich the theories and methods of landslide prevention in Hunan Province in order to provide a scientific basis for reducing landslide disasters in this area.[Methods] Based on GIS technology and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), with the support of DEM, remote sensing, meteorology, lithology, seismic points and other data, the risk assessment of landslides in Hunan Province was evaluated from two aspects:risk assessment and vulnerability assessment.[Results] ① Most of the landslide risk grades in Hunan Province are in the middle and low risk grades, and a few of them are at high risk level. The medium risk level is the most, accounting for 31.31% of the whole province. The rest are low, moderate, relative high, and high risk levels, accounting for 24.92%, 22.09%, 13.88% and 7.79%, respectively. ② From the perspective of spatial pattern, the characters of the overall risk grade distribution are low in the northeast and southwest, while high in the southeast and middle.③ The loss level of Hunan Province is generally low in west and high in east, with middle in moderate and uneven distribution locally.[Conclusion] The landslide disaster in Hunan Province should be managed from two aspects of prevention and control, according to the common types of landslide in prefecture-level cities in Hunan Province, targeted regional different prevention and control plan should be formulated.