[Objective] The community composition, diversity, dynamic characteristic and vertical distribution of soil mesofauna was investigated in order to reflect the soil environment and provide the reference for exploring the suitable farming methods in the black soil area.[Methods] Soil mesofauna was isolated by modified tullgren method, the community structure and distribution characteristics of soil mesofauna under different tillage methods were analyzed and compared.[Results] A total of 3 749 soil mesofauna were collected from the study plots, belonging to 47 groups. Among which, Quadroppiidae and Isotomidae were the dominant groups in the experimental area. Under the three tillage methods, the number of soil mesofauna in the 0-10 cm soil layer accounted for 71% of the total number of individuals, and the vertical distribution had obvious surface aggregation. The number of soil mesofauna was the highest(1 671) under deep pine(DP)treatment, and the number of groups was the largest under CK treatment (41). The diversity index and richness index of soil mesofauna under CK treatment were the highest (2.81 and 3.81 respectively). The dominance index of soil mesofauna under deep pine (DP) treatment was the highest, which was 0.15. The total osmotic amount of soil infiltration under different tillage methods was deep pine(DP) > check(CK) > no-tillage(NT); The soil moisture and soil temperature were DP > NT > CK deep pine > no-tillage > check; The soil bulk density was no-tillage(NT) > check (CK)> deep pine(DP). There was a significant positive correlation between the individual number of soil mesofauna and soil bulk density (p<0.05). The abundance index of soil mesofauna was positively correlated with soil organic matter (p<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the evenness index of soil mesofauna and the total soil permeability (p<0.01).[Conclusion] The farming methods have obvious influence on the community structure of soil mesofauna, and significantly improve the number of soil mesofauna individuals after deep pine tillage, which can effectively improve the soil environment and is more beneficial to the survival and reproduction of soil mesofauna than no-tillage and traditional tillage.