[Objective] Using reasonable and valid evaluation method to study the arable land utilization efficiency in Anhui Province in order to provide directions for its improvement.[Methods] Four-stage DEA method was used to evaluate the arable land efficiency of 16 regions in Anhui Province in 2016.[Results] ① For the whole province, the overall arable land utilization efficiency was 0.743, which indicated the arable land utilization efficiency in Anhui Province was not high, both technical efficiency and scale efficiency should be improved. For Hefei, Bozhou, Suzhou, Lu'an City, they were more efficient from the technology and scale perspectives. For Bengbu City and other three regions, they were only efficient in technology. For the remaining 6 regions, they were not efficient from both technology and scale perspectives. Except Fuyang and the best 4 regions, the remaining 11 regions had the potential to increase the scale further. ② Increasing cultivated land crop multiple index and economic earnings of farmers can decrease the oversupply of kinds of resources. Improving their irrigation and water conservation was beneficial to raise the efficiency of arable land utilization. Moreover, improving the unit labor consumption rate of cultivated land will relieve the oversupply of labor resources.[Conclusion] Raising cultivated land crop multiple index properly, improving the condition of irrigation and water conservancy, promoting the non-agricultural employment of farmers, and driving agricultural development by regional development are feasible methods to help achieve more efficient arable land utilization in Anhui Province.