[Objective] Consumer behavior of rural household energy and its influencing factors of different livelihood models were analyzed, which can provide reference for the development of energy utilization and environmental protection planning and policy.[Methods] 381 survey questionnaires in suburban area of Xi'an City were collected. Dominant energy coefficient method and the Tobit model method were used.[Results] Consumer behavior of rural household energy is influenced by livelihood model. Biomass energy such as straw, corncob and firewood are mainly used by the pure agricultural households, in which economy and availability of energy consumption are concerned firstly; coal and its products, electricity, solar energy and other commercial energy are prominent in the non-agricultural households, where the convenience, clean and high efficiency of energy use are preferred; as for households with combined occupations, the advantageous energies as biomass energy, liquefied petroleum gas and solar energy were preferred from the view of availability and convenience. The key factors affecting biomass energy consumption is the availability of energy. This is mainly reflected by the planted area, but per capita income increase will reduce biomass energy consumption. The non-agricultural households of the suburbs are lack of the biomass energy, coal and its products and electrical energy are the dominant household energy. The more resident population. the larger consumption. At the same time, the per capita income, and the effective family highest education level have the positive influence on the electrical energy consumption. Liquefied petroleum gas and solar energy consumption of households with combined occupations is mainly affected by family size and per capita income.[Conclusion] Consumer behavior of rural household energy is affected by family characteristics, per capita income, energy availability, and so on. With the increase of income level, and development of energy commercialization and the quality, all of the three livelihoods presented an improved energy use step by step. Around city center, coal and its products with high emission coefficient are not encouraged to use frequently. And that's not conducive to improve the environment of urban region, so attention should be paid to the energy consumption orientation of these groups.