The correct interpretation of stoichiometric characteristics can promote the understanding of C, N, P circulating law within the ecosystem. Through sample plot survey and sample collection, the C, N and P content of several arbor, shrub, grass and litter were determined, and the element stoichiometric characteristics of several plants were systematically analyzed in Lüliang mountainous region. The results showed there were differences between the same element content of different organs of the same species, and also between the same element content of same organ of the different species. It indicated that the plant genetic characteristics and different function of organs determines the difference of stoichiometry. The same element of shrub's organs were significantly correlated, indicating that organs of plant individual decided collectively the stoichiometry. The stoichiometry of grasses was similar to shrubs. C, N, P content and the C/N, C/P, N/P radio were significantly related to local environmental factors. Slope had a significantly negative relation on the content of C and N/P. Crown density was only significantly correlated to C/P ratio, and altitude factor was significantly correlated to all measurement indexes except of N/P, indicating that environment, energy and material flows of plant had an influence on stoichiometry.