With the township as the basic units, the ecological pressure, ecological sensitivity, ecological resilience were selected to evaluate the ecological vulnerability of the restrict development area in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and the development model that suitable for the region was explored. The ecological vulnerability assessment results showed that the ecological vulnerability in the study area is divided into extremely fragile, highly fragile, moderate fragile, fragile, of which, extremely fragile areas covers 51.76% of the total area, highly fragile areas covers 21.15%, moderately fragile areas covers 15.56%, low fragile areas covers 11.52%. For practical ecological fragile in the study area, five regional development model were presented as follows: ecological compensation as the main way, immigration as the main way, promoted by infrastructure construction, ecological livestock industry as the main way, and modern agriculture.