To test the drought resistance of eight provenances(PRs) of Chinese pine(Panus tabulaef ormas Carr.),a soil water treatment experiment with water gradients(T₁:w ater content was 25%-29%,T₂:19%-22 %,and T₃:12%-15%)for 120 potted 3-year-old seedlings was conducted. Some physiological and biochemical indexes such as net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),superoxide dismutase (SOD),activity,and peroxidase(POD) activity were measured and analyzed. Results showed that no significant difference was observed in Pn，among the provenances ander T₃>0.05). How ever,PRz had significantly higher Tr than PR₁，PR₃,and PR₅ and PRs₅ had significantly higher water use efficiency(WUE) than PR₂,PR₃，PR₄, PR₆，PR₇, and PR₈(P<0.05) under T₂.In comparison with those under T₂,the SOD activity of all provenances and the POD activity of most provenances reached a higher level under T₃.PR₇ and PR₈ had weaker membrane lipid peroxidation and PR1,PR₃, PR₄,and PR₅ had stronger membrane lipid perm oxidation. In terms of the drought resistance of the provenances, the treatments had the following order of PR₈> PR₆> PR₁>PR₅> PR ₄>PR₃≅PR₇>PR₂.