According to the evaluation method and targets of "Technical Criterion for Eco-environmental Status Evaluation(trial)" issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration of China,organism abundance index,vegetation cover index,river density index,degradation index,and environmental quality index are introduced to evaluate the eco-environmental status of South Shaanxi Province.The whole eco-environmental status of the region may be grouped into first rate class.After the analysis of the actual situation,it is pointed out that soil and water loss is the regional dominant eco-environmental problem.Finally,some countermeasures and suggestions,such as ecological immigration and the dissemination of economical benefits,are proposed.