ZHOU Yu-zhen(Shanxi Supervising Centre of Soil and Water Conservation and Eco-environment,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030002,China) A system for construction supervision of soil and water conservation project has been established.Practices indicate that it is positive,feasible and beneficial.The system improves engineering quantity,promotes engineering progress and controls engineering investment,effectively.The present problems and their countermeasures about construction supervision of soil and water conservation projects are proposed based on the experience from the supervision of comprehensive controlling of soil and water loss for the Sustainable Use Project of Capital Water Resources in the Early Stage of the 21st Century in Shanxi Province.