By taking soil and water conservation monitoring of the Yangzi River Dike reinforcing project in Jiangxi Province as an example,the scope,contents,methods and results of the monitoring were introduced in detail.Soil and water conservation circumstance was monitored and evaluated before,during and after the project development.It is found that soil erosion is efficiently reduced in the dike development by using the measures of soil and water conservation and the degree of soil erosion influence is remarkably lowered.As a result,the ecosystem environment along the dike is well protected.