In order to correct the deviation at project operation of Conversion of Cropland to Forest and Grassland and guarantee the realization of the policy goal with the correct route,subject group choice the case area-Yuanzhou district of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region to do an investigation from two aspects in some related government departments and farmers of typical villages,etc.We have learned the goal,process,way,schedule arrangement as well as existential problems of conversion of cropland to forest and grassland and the advice from related departments;we have also collected the general information;Visited the basic situations of family of peasant households,participation to the project,the utilization as well as input and output of the plot's pro and after conversion of cropland to forest and grassland,production condition in all kinds industries of family,etc.The result shows that there are four aspects matters exist in project's implemental path.The first,it is not enough to respect peasants' wills.The second,it is not enough to consider peasants' livelihood after the project finished.The third,the proportion of arbor,shrub and grasses is not in conformity with natural geographical environment in the project.The last,the project of conversion of cropland to forest and grassland was not planned scientifically;the operation's randomness is relatively great.The paper puts forward three basic suggestions for the questions hereinbefore.The first,strengthen the research of conversion of cropland to forest and grassland so as to strengthen the scientificalness of the policy.The second,plan scientifically,do the work of conversion of cropland to forest and grassland well practically.The last,create the just policy environment so that the peasants can choose correctly.