基于地形梯度的高山峡谷区土地利用时空格局及功能分区
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F301.24

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国家自然科学基金项目“基于3S技术的怒江峡谷农业产业结构调整与生态修复互动研究”(41161070);中国地质调查局地质调查项目“中印边境东段和中缅边境地区遥感地质解译”(DD20190545);云南省科技厅—云南大学联合基金重点项目“‘天空地’协同的高山峡谷区重大地质灾害隐患识别监测预警研究”(2019FY003017)


Temporal and Spatial Pattern and Functional Zoning of Land Use in Alpine Canyon Region Based on Terrain Gradient
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    摘要:

    [目的] 分析高山峡谷区土地利用情况及其地形梯度分布格局,并进行功能分区,为类似区域土地资源的可持续利用提供参考。[方法] 以云南省泸水市为例,采用地形位指数和分布指数系统分析高山峡谷区土地利用在地形梯度上的分布变化特征。[结果] ①泸水市土地利用具有显著的优势分布特征,2000-2018年,林地作为主导地类,其比例从77.50%增长至84.49%。建设用地也快速增长,由2 804.49 hm2增加到4 785.65 hm2。未利用地、耕地、草地逐渐向林地转变,面积分别减少了14 368.38,5 171.68和4 049.54 hm2,水域面积稳定在900 hm2左右。②泸水市土地利用格局在地形梯度上的层级差异十分显著,林地在整个地形梯度上具有统治地位,水域、建设用地、耕地广泛分布于中、低地形位,草地的优势区间位于坡度高但高程较低的中地形位,未利用地则在高地形位占据主导优势。③基于地形分异规律,泸水市可分为4大功能区:河谷集约发展区、陡坡综合治理区、中高山生态提升区、山顶生态封禁区。[结论] 高山峡谷区在地形梯度上形成了多层级独特的土地利用分布格局,具有分区发展的潜力,不同分区对应着不同的土地利用发展策略。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The land use situation and its terrain gradient distribution pattern in the alpine canyon area was analyzed to clarify the functional zoning in order to provide references for the sustainable use of land resources in similar areas.[Methods] Taking Lushui City of Yunnan Province as an example, the distribution and change characteristics of land use on the terrain gradient were analyzed by using terrain niche index and distribution index in the alpine canyon area.[Results] ① The land use of Lushui City had a significant dominant distribution characteristic. From 2000 to 2018, the proportion of woodland as the dominant land use type increased from 77.50% to 84.49%. Construction land also increased rapidly, from 2 804.49 hm2 to 4 785.65 hm2. Unused land, arable land, and grassland gradually converted to woodland, and the area decreased by 14 368.38, 5 171.68, and 4 049.54 hm2, respectively. The water area was stable around 900 hm2. ② The hierarchical differences in terrain gradient in the land use pattern of Lushui City were remarkable. Woodlands showed a dominant position in the entire terrain gradient. Water, construction land, and arable land were widely distributed in low and middle terrain niche index area. The dominant area of the grassland was in the medium terrain niche index area with a high slope but low elevation. Unused land dominated in the high terrain niche index area. ③ Based on terrain differentiation laws, Lushui City could be divided into 4 major functional areas:river valley intensive development area, steep slope comprehensive treatment area, mid-alpine ecological promotion area, and mountaintop ecological closed area.[Conclusion] The land use in the alpine canyon area has formed a unique multi-level distribution pattern on the terrain gradient, with the potential for zoning development, and should be corresponding to different land-use development strategies.

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李益敏,王东驰,袁静,刘心知.基于地形梯度的高山峡谷区土地利用时空格局及功能分区[J].水土保持通报,2020,40(6):303-311

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-02
  • 最后修改日期:2020-08-16
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-23
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