广西壮族自治区的台湾桤木混交造林水源涵养功能评价
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S726.2;S727.21

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广西林业科技项目“台湾桤木优树子代区域试验研究”(桂林科字[2016]8号;广西科技计划项目“台湾桤木种质创新与可持续经营关键技术研究”(桂科AB16380127);广西林业科技项目“台湾桤木混交造林与立地维持技术示范”(gl2017kt10)。


Evaluation of Water Conservation Function of Alnus Formosana Mixed Plantations in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
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    摘要:

    [目的] 研究台湾桤木混交造林的枯落物层和土壤层的水源涵养能力,为台湾桤木在广西壮族自治区的合理经营与利用提供理论依据。[方法] 采用熵权法对台湾桤木×马尾松、台湾桤木×巨尾桉、台湾桤木×红锥及台湾桤木纯林的林分枯落物层和土壤层的水文效应相关因子进行综合评价。[结果] ①枯落物最大持水量最大是台湾桤木×红锥(2:1),台湾桤木×马尾松(1:1)最少;台湾桤木×红锥(1:2)的枯落物有效拦蓄率最大,台湾桤木×红锥(2:1)的枯落物有效拦蓄量最大,台湾桤木×巨尾桉(2:1)的枯落物有效拦蓄率和有效拦蓄量均最小。②台湾桤木混交林土壤容重均明显低于台湾桤木纯林,土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、自然含水率、最大持水量和毛管持水量均是台湾桤木混交林大于台湾桤木纯林。③采用熵权法计算权重值占比例最大是枯落物最大持水量,最少是土壤毛管孔隙度;台湾桤木不同混交造林模式水源涵养能力综合评价排序为:台湾桤木×巨尾桉(1:2) > 台湾桤木×红锥(2:1) > 台湾桤木×马尾松(1:2) > 台湾桤木×红锥(1:1) > 台湾桤木×巨尾桉(1:1) > 台湾桤木×马尾松(2:1) > 台湾桤木×红锥(1:2) > 台湾桤木×巨尾桉(2:1) > 台湾桤木×马尾松(1:1) > 台湾桤木纯林。[结论] 台湾桤木与马尾松、巨尾桉和红锥混交造林的水源涵养能力均优于台湾桤木纯林。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The water conservation ability of the litter and soil layers of Alnus formosana mixed plantations was studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational management and utilization of A. formosana in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.[Methods] The entropy weight method was used to comprehensively evaluate the hydrological effect related factors. The mixed modes included A. formosana and Pinus massoniana, A. formosana and Eucalyptus grandis×urophylla, A. formosana and Castanopsis hystrix, and an A. formosana pure plantation as the control.[Results] ① The maximum water holding capacities of litter were largest in the mixed A. formosana and C. hystrix plantation with a 2:1 ratio and least in the mixed A. formosana and P. massoniana plantation with a 1:1 ratio. The effective retention rate of litter in the mixed A. formosana and C. hystrix plantation (with a 1:2 ratio) was the highest, the effective retention amount in the mixed A. formosana and C. hystrix plantation (with a 2:1 ratio) was the highest, whilst the effective retention rate and amount in the mixed A. formosana and E. grandis×urophylla plantation (2:1) were the lowest. ② The soil bulk density in the mixed plantations was significantly lower than that in the pure forest, however, the total porosity, capillary porosity, natural water content, maximum water holding capacity, and capillary water holding capacity of the soil were all higher in the mixed plantations. ③ The entropy weight method was used to calculate the weight value. The maximum water holding capacity of the litter was the largest, and the soil capillary porosity was the smallest. The comprehensive evaluation of the water conservation ability was ranked as follows:A. formosana and E. grandis×urophylla (1:2) > A. formosana and C. hystrix (2:1) > A. formosana and P. massoniana (1:2) > A. formosana and C. hystrix (1:1) > A. formosana and E. grandis×urophylla (1:1) > A. formosana and P. massoniana (2:1) > A. formosana and C. hystrix (1:2) > A. formosana and E. grandis×urophylla (2:1) > A. formosana and P. massoniana (1:1) > CK.[Conclusion] The water conservation ability of the mixed plantations of A. formosana was better than that of the pure plantation.

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彭玉华,郑威,谭长强,何琴飞,申文辉,曹艳云,郝海坤,黄志玲,何峰.广西壮族自治区的台湾桤木混交造林水源涵养功能评价[J].水土保持通报,2019,39(5):98-105,112

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-24
  • 最后修改日期:2019-05-10
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-11-16
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