In order to understand the sandbag barrier's influence on sand flow and vegetation, wind speed, plant species, density, height and coverage were investigated through the ways of field testing and sampling. Transported sediment samples in 0-30 cm layer were collected and windbreak efficiency, surface roughness, transport rate and vegetation in 1 m×1 m, 2 m×2 m, 3 m×3 m sandbag barriers were studied. Results showed that sandbag barrier can improve wind efficiency and increase surface roughness effectively and meanwhile, wind efficiency and surface roughness were decreased with the sandbag barrier size increasing. Sandbag barrier sizes of 1 m×1 m, 2 m×2 m, 3 m×3 m had the different surface roughness values of 5.79, 2.38 and 2.12 cm that were 91.31%, 78.88% and 76.26% higher than CK, respectively. Sandbag barrier could effectively reduce sediment discharge which made sediment transport rate in every layer of 0-30 cm smaller than that of CK significantly. Compared with sediment transport rates for the three sandbag barrier sizes, the order was:1 m×1 m> 2 m×2 m> 3 m×3 m. After sandbag barriers were laid for 1 year, plant species of sandbag barrier was one more than that of CK, and the average height, density and coverage were 91.5%, 71.1% and 125.4% higher than that of CK. The average height, density and coverage of vegetation were increased with the sandbag barrier size increasing.