Based on the average daily temperature, average daily maximum and minimum temperature data from the weather stations of Ejina Banner in the oasis of Ejina Banner in the 1960-2010s, the methods like s climate trending rate and correlation analysis were used to analyze the varying characteristics of beginning and ending dates of annual growth period, day number of growth period, and beginning dates of leaf expansion and yellow leaf stage for the Populus euphratica, as well as its response to climate change. Results showed that in the recent 51 years, the beginning date of annual growth was becoming earlier, but the ending date was becoming later; the annual growth period was prolonged; and the beginning date of leaf unfolding was becoming earlier and the beginning date of yellow leaf stage, slightly later. Correlation analysis shows that the beginning date of annual growth was greatly influenced by the average temperature in March and the end-ing date, by the average temperature in October. There was a significantly positive correlation between the growth period and the average temperature from March to November. The average temperature in April had a significant influence on the beginning date of leaf unfolding, and the correlation between them was negative with a correlation coefficient as high as 0.6782(α=0.001). The average temperature in September had a maximum influence on the beginning date of yellow leaf stage. The higher average temperature in Septem-ber, the later the beginning date of yellow leaf stage was. Therefore, there was an obvious response of the Populus euphraticato climate change in the study area.