On the basis of the calculation of light-temperature production potential modified by the natural factors such as rainfall,soil fertility and soil quality,potentialities of land productivity and food production in North Shaanxi Province were analyzed.Furthermore,the maximum grain yield and the land supporting capacity for population in the years of 2010 and 2020 were predicted by means of the agriculture ecology zone (AEZ) method.The key to understanding the harmonious and sustainable development relationship between human being and land resources was also presented.