吉林省西部地区的风蚀灾害和防治措施
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THE CALAMITY OF WIND EROSION AND ITS CONTROL MEASURES IN WEST REGION OF JILIN PROVINCE
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    摘要:

    吉林省西部地区风沙很大。其中主要的12个县市,解放后经过多年努力,已治理风蚀面积约44.4万公顷,占原风蚀面积的82%。这对减轻该区的风沙危害,改善生态环境和提高农业生产水平,都起了重要的作用。不幸的是,这个地区经历了3年经济困难时期的破坏,长期“左”倾错误的折腾和十年内乱的干扰,使风蚀面积从解放初期的54.2万公顷剧增到近几年的140多万公顷。除去前两年停耕严重风蚀地近22万公顷外,还有亟待治理的沙荒面积119.5万公顷。这些风蚀面积,多数是流动沙丘。它们每年以20米的速度向村镇涌进。许多庄户人家的庭院内堆沙1米多高,掩埋了大门。由于“三料”奇缺,当地居民生活非常穷困。主要治理措施如下: 1、合理利用土地,改广种薄收为精耕细作; 2、大力植树种草,积极发展农村能源,全面防治风沙危害,有效地改善生态环境; 3、推广户包治理,认真落实政策,提高防治风沙的效益,加快治理风沙速度。

    Abstract:

    Wind with sand is very great in west region of Jilin province. About 444,000 hectares of the wind erosion areas in 12 major counties and cities of the region have been controlled through hard efforts for many years since liberation, which is 82% of the total original wind erosion areas. This generates an important effect on lightening wind and sand harm, improving ecological environment and raising agricultural production level. It is unfortunate for the destruction from the 3-year-long economic difficulty, the influence of the "left" mistakes for long time and the decade of domestic turmoil disturbance to have enabled the wind erosion areas increasing greatly from 543,000 hectares just after liberation to 1.4 million hectares in recent years. Now there are 1.2 million hectares of desert and desert-blighted land to reform besides 220,000 hectares with serious wind erosion, having not tillaged for two years. Most part of the wind erosion area is with the flowing dunes, which is pouring into villages and small towns in 20m per year. Many farmers' yards have been piled up 1 metre high with sand, their doors buried. Because of the shortage of the "Three Materials", the local residents still have a poor life, The main control measures suggested are as follows: 1, putting the land to rational use, changing the tillage system from extensive cultivation and poor harvest to deep ploughing and intensive cultivation; 2, planting trees and grasses substantially, developing the rural energy resources actively, controlling the wind erosion completely to improve the ecological environment effectively; 3, popularizing the way of the household contract control, implementing the concerned policies seriously, increasing the profits of the controlling and speeding up the harnessing.

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韩文林.吉林省西部地区的风蚀灾害和防治措施[J].水土保持通报,1986,(5):16-20

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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-12-01
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